Target Hardening

If you have access to a city or large town locally, visit the centre and identify as many examples as you can find of target hardening – in shopping centres, streets, car parks, leisure facilities etc. Do you see any activities occurring that you think either are or...

Breaking the Circle

Draw a diagram to illustrate the ‘vicious circle’ described by Kinsey, Lea and Young, showing the way in which policing and community relations may deteriorate and break down. What are the points at which that vicious circle might be broken and relations...

Left Realism and Marxism

Design a table with two columns, comparing left realism with traditional Marxist views. In each column show the differences between the two approaches. You should include each of the following aspects: Their views on official crime statistics Who is likely to commit...