1. (a) Quantitative data: information in a numerical form. Qualitative data: gives a feel for what something is like. (b) Primary data: collected by sociologists themselves for their own purposes. Secondary data: collected or created by someone else for their own purposes, but which the sociologist can use.
  2. (a) Questionnaires; structured interviews. (b) Letters; diaries.
  3. Conducting covert observation; deceiving people in order to study them; breaking the law so as to study criminals; doing research that might harm the participants; publishing findings about a group without their consent.
  4. True
  5. A true or genuine picture of what something is like.
  6. Time; money; requirements of funding bodies; researcher’s personal skills or characteristics; the nature of the subject matter or group being studied.
  7. (a) True; (b) false.